Smart Blind Stick using Arduino, Ultrasonic Sensor, Buzzer & Vibrator || Smart Cane for Visually Challenged Project

What is a Smart Blind Stick?

•  This an Arduino-based Simple Stick that uses an Ultrasonic sensor to detect any object.

•  Smart Blind stick can help blind people walk on the street safely without any help.

•  If any object is nereby, the vibrator and the buzzer alerts the user.

Vision is the most important part of human physiology as 83% of information human being gets from the environment via sight. According to World Health Organization (WHO) Globally the number of people of all ages visually impaired is estimated to be 285 million, of whom 39 million are blind. The number of visually impaired people are expected to grow in future due to various reasons.

Usually blind peoples takes help from any other people or uses a simple stick to walk around.

The Smart Blind Stick is an alternative to the traditional walking stick. This will efficiently help people during the walk and will alert the users about any hurdle in their way.

Components Used:

•1. Ultrasonic Sensor

•2. Arduino Uno

•3. Vibration Motor

•4. Mini bread Board

•5. PVC pipe

•6. 9v Battery

•7. An empty plastic box

•8. Some wires and tapes etc.

Video:

https://youtu.be/0MdXSMtJ6e8

Components Description:

Ultrasonic Sensor:

An ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that measures the distance to an object using ultrasonic sound waves.

An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object’s proximity.

Ultrasonic sensors work by sending out a sound wave at a frequency above the range of human hearing.  The transducer of the sensor acts as a microphone to receive and send the ultrasonic sound. Our ultrasonic sensors, like many others, use a single transducer to send a pulse and to receive the echo.  The sensor determines the distance to a target by measuring time lapses between the sending and receiving of the ultrasonic pulse.

Buzzer:

It consists of piezo crystals between two conductors. When a potential is applied across these crystals they push on  one conductor and pull on the other. This, push and pull action, results in a sound wave.

Vibrator:

A vibrating motor is essentially a motor that is improperly balanced. In other words, there is an off-centered weight attached to the motor’s rotational shaft that causes the motor to wobble. The amount of wobble can be changed by the amount of weight attached, the weight’s distance from the shaft, and the speed at which the motor spins.

Arduino UNO:

Arduino is an open hardware development board that can be used by tinkerers, hobbyists, and makers to design and build devices that interact with the real world. Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino. UNO means 'one' in Italian. It was named as UNO to label the first release of Arduino Software. It was also the first USB board released by Arduino. It is considered as the powerful board used in various projects. Arduino.cc developed the Arduino UNO board.

Arduino UNO is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared to other boards. The board consists of digital and analog Input/Output pins (I/O), shields, and other circuits.

9v HW Battery:

Hi-Watt 9V Battery is the most commonly used and portable 9V battery. It is non-rechargeable and is a high capacity and low-cost solution for many electronic devices. It is based on Zinc Carbon Chemistry and can be used easily replaced if discharged just like any standard AA and AAA batteries. We are using this battery to power the device.

Jumper Wire:

We have used 20 cm male to female jumper wire for the connectivity within arduino.

PVC Pipe:

A general use strong PVS pipe is used as the stick.

Conclusion:

The Blind Walking Stick has been finally made into prototype which can be used to guide the blind . Its aims to solve the problems faced by the blind people in their daily life. It is also a low cost product. The system also takes the measure to ensure their safety . This project will operate to help all the blind people in the world to make them easier to walk everywhere they want. It was done to help the blind to move infront very well. It is used to help the people with disabilities that are blind to facilitate the movement and increase safety.